金沙厅菜单云南体育彩票快乐十分 | BBC巅峰巨制纪录片，感受视觉与心灵盛宴

金沙厅菜单云南体育彩票快乐十分 河北BBC纪录片皇冠比分云南体育彩票快乐十分

图片林州市焱火体育林州市焱火体育

HELLO.Earth

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www.royaloddszone.com0

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    在这个信息爆炸的时代，我们每天都被无数碎片化内容包围。然而，当你真正想沉下心来，感受世界的震撼、生命的奇迹和人类的伟大时，BBC纪录片无疑是最佳选择。它们不仅以极致的画面带来视觉震撼，更以深邃的思考引发心灵共鸣。

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皇冠客服飞机：@seo3687纪录片简介

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皇冠hg86a

体育竞赛口号评论区or私信【BBC纪录片】

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一场疑似操纵体育比赛皇冠引起轩然大波，吸引赌徒参与赌博，最终受害者不计其数。皇冠博彩app0       从广袤的草原到幽深的海底，从极地的冰原到浩瀚的宇宙，BBC用镜头记录下了世界上最真实、最震撼的瞬间。

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赌场排名《地球脉动》 是BBC自然纪录片的巅峰之作，它仿佛为我们打开了一扇窗，让人仿佛置身于原始丛林、荒漠高原，甚至是罕有人至的深海之中。每一帧画面都如同一幅艺术品，展现着地球上最极致的美。而最令人惊叹的，是那些在极端环境中挣扎求生的动物——无论是猎豹瞬间爆发的速度，还是企鹅在寒风中艰难守护幼崽的身影，都让人感受到生命的顽强与伟大。

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《蓝色星球》 则将目光投向了海洋。在这部纪录片中，你会发现，海洋不仅仅是我们熟悉的碧波荡漾，更是一个充满未知与惊奇的神秘世界。深海中，那些浑身闪烁着荧光的奇特生物，仿佛来自科幻电影；而巨大的鲸鱼、灵动的海豚、敏捷的章鱼，则共同演绎着一场关于生存与智慧的精彩大戏。除了自然题材，BBC还擅长以深度和细腻的笔触，讲述人类的探索与追寻。《宇宙》 带领观众穿越时空，探索星辰大海的奥秘；《人类星球》 则讲述了不同文明、不同民族如何在极端环境中与自然和谐共生。它不仅展现了人类的智慧与韧性，更让我们思考：人类与自然的关系，究竟该如何平衡？

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当你看完这些纪录片，或许会对世界产生新的敬畏；或许会重新思考自己的生活；又或许，只是静静地感叹一句：“原来我们的世界，竟是如此美丽。”如果你厌倦了快节奏的琐碎内容，不妨静下心来，打开一部BBC纪录片。它会带你穿越山川湖海，走遍世界角落，感受到每一寸土地、每一滴海水、每一个生命都在诉说着一个共同的真理——这个世界，值得我们为之惊叹。

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纪录片合集

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十二生肖每日运势解读 2023年5月23日

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06:57

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100:00:10,480 --> 00:00:15,560第二次世界大战是一场机械时代的最终较量The Second World War was the ultimate conflict of the machine age.200:00:15,560 --> 00:00:18,920这个机械（坦克）是它的标志符号And this machine was its iconic symbol,300:00:18,920 --> 00:00:22,240陆地战争胜负的决定性武器the decisive weapon of the war on land.400:00:22,240 --> 00:00:27,440从北非到前苏联以东的战场都由坦克主宰着From north Africa to the Russian front, tanks ruled the battlefield.500:00:27,440 --> 00:00:31,920如果你在装甲部队上吃亏 在战场上就面临着被消灭的危险And if you didn't master armoured warfare, you faced annihilation.600:00:35,760 --> 00:00:37,800它真的非常恐怖It's quite terrifying, really,700:00:37,800 --> 00:00:41,080因为你可以看到敌军的枪喷出的火舌because you could see these flashes of the enemy's guns800:00:41,080 --> 00:00:44,640即使离得很远 然后你会想 其中一只枪随时会打中我in the distance, and you think,"Any minute, one of them is going to hit me."900:00:47,840 --> 00:00:50,360坦克在二战中从始至终Tanks were there at the beginning of the war,1000:00:50,360--> 00:00:52,400都活跃在战场上and tanks were there at the end.1100:00:52,400 --> 00:00:54,240在坦克里的士兵The men who fought inside them1200:00:54,240 --> 00:00:56,960对整个战争也有着独特的见解had an exceptional view of the entire conflict...1300:00:58,280 --> 00:01:01,760从法国沦陷到非洲沙漠的战役..from the fall of France,to the deserts of Africa.1400:01:01,760 --> 00:01:05,200自诺曼底登陆到最终战胜纳粹德国From D-Day to the final victory in Germany.1500:01:08,440 --> 00:01:12,120作为皇家坦克军团的一员As a young officer training in the Royal Tank Regiment,1600:01:12,120 --> 00:01:14,960他们用前辈的英勇事迹教导我I was indoctrinated in their exploits.1700:01:14,960 --> 00:01:19,200我们可能已经无法感受到And who could fail to have been awe-inspired by the way those men1800:01:19,200 --> 00:01:24,520他们在这些铁壳怪物里一次又一次面临着死亡faced death time and time again,in these iron-clad monsters?1900:01:27,160 --> 00:01:32,360当我第一次爬进坦克时 我想这会很有趣，仅此而已When I first went in, I thought it was going to be great fun, and all that.2000:01:32,360--> 00:01:34,680但后来我意识到 根本不是这样But I realised it wasn't.2100:01:34,680 --> 00:01:38,040我看到一辆离我不远的坦克冒着浓烟被炸成了碎片There was a tank near me, I saw just blown to bits.2200:01:38,040 --> 00:01:41,560好几个兄弟在里面 那种感觉真的很糟糕A couple of my mates were in that. It was terrible.2300:01:43,200 --> 00:01:46,360坦克里兄弟们的团结The bond you established in Tank,2400:01:46,360--> 00:01:51,560不仅仅是一种友谊was not a normal relationships of friends.2500:01:51,560 --> 00:01:54,960那是生死搭档 比友谊浓多了You were a partnership, it was closer than friendship.2600:01:54,960 --> 00:01:57,520这几个搭档是一辈子的朋友That crew were friends for life.2700:01:58,640 --> 00:02:04,120这就是六个坦克兵不寻常的故事 他们来自同一支部队This is the story of six remarkable men from one armoured unit,2800:02:04,120 --> 00:02:07,600第五皇家坦克团The 5th Royal Tank Regiment,5 RTR.2900:02:07,600 --> 00:02:12,320对于那些非常了解他们的人来说 也叫 邋遢第五团Or to those who really knew them,the Filthy 5th.3000:02:12,320 --> 00:02:16,040坦克战为人知晓并不仅仅是幸存的老兵们的贡献Their war is brought to life not only by the few surviving veterans,3100:02:16,040 --> 00:02:20,120从一些之前没有发现的一些信件和日记中也能略知一二but also by previously unseen letters and diaries3200:02:20,120 --> 00:02:25,240而这些使我们对坦克战的了解更加深入that give us a real insight of the visceral reality of tank warfare.3300:02:27,720 --> 00:02:30,480他们每个人都是有故事的男人Each of these men has his own story.3400:02:30,480 --> 00:02:35,000受伤 被俘 被杀 这些分别降临在他们头上Some were wounded, some captured and some were killed.3500:02:35,000 --> 00:02:38,760只有非常幸运的极少数的人安全度过A few, the lucky few, went all the way through.3600:02:38,760 --> 00:02:42,920他们在一起构成了战争中一幅独特的画面Together their accounts form a unique picture of the war.3700:02:42,920 --> 00:02:45,960五团也给他们留下了太多的回忆And they weren't called the Filthy 5th for nothing.3800:02:56,120 --> 00:03:01,080战争的一开始 五团就开始了自己的冒险The Filthy 5th's odyssey began at the very beginning of the war.3900:03:01,080 --> 00:03:03,640但并非伴随着枪响开始 而是啜泣Not with a bang...but a whimper.4000:03:05,280 --> 00:03:11,040一九四零年的六月 五团被困在法国的瑟堡 等待回家的船只In June 1940, men from the 5th Tanks are stuck at Cherbourg, waiting for a ship home.4100:03:13,200 --> 00:03:16,600在法国损失惨重的战斗给了五团沉重的打击Having been bloodied in the disastrous battle for France,4200:03:16,600 --> 00:03:18,640士兵们被打散了the unit was scattered.4300:03:18,640 --> 00:03:20,880他们的幻想破灭 苦不堪言Its men bitter and disillusioned.4400:03:22,520 --> 00:03:25,360毕竟他们才只来了几周It had, after all,only arrived a few weeks earlier.4500:03:30,680 --> 00:03:33,520他们的使命已经足够简单Their mission had been straightforward enough...4600:03:33,520 --> 00:03:36,560来稳固英国远征军在法国的防守to reinforce the British expeditionary force in France,4700:03:36,560 --> 00:03:39,560以遏制德国在北欧的猛烈攻势and halt the German onslaught across northern Europe.4800:03:42,760 --> 00:03:46,520但就当第五团驾驶着速度很快却已经快淘汰的坦克But as they approached the River Somme, in tanks that were fast4900:03:46,520 --> 00:03:52,000抵达索姆河时 but poorly armoured and already obsolete, the 5th Tanks5000:03:52,000 --> 00:03:56,320他们被德军的精锐装甲部队狠狠的教训了一顿were given the sledgehammer treatment by superior German Panzers.5100:04:01,840 --> 00:04:07,240到一九四零年 坦克就已经成为陆军的主要作战力量By 1940, the tank was the essential component of warfare on the ground.5200:04:07,240 --> 00:04:10,680但英国却在这方面落后了很多Yet Britain simply didn't have what was needed.5300:04:10,680 --> 00:04:14,320战争开始的前几年 很长一段时间里In the years before the war, they'd left it too late5400:04:14,320 --> 00:04:18,560英国都没有改良军备 没有一直装甲部队遭受过像英国皇家坦克团to start their rearmament and there was nobody for whom that failure5500:04:18,560 --> 00:04:21,200一样难堪的失败was more galling than the Royal Tank Regiment.5600:04:25,720 --> 00:04:29,800第五团在德军精锐部队的打击之下溃不成军Pursued by the German Panzer divisions, the 5th Tanks went to pieces,5700:04:29,800 --> 00:04:34,760称他们连上级的命令都收不到 更别说食物claiming they never got any orders,let alone food.5800:04:34,760 --> 00:04:37,640他们和法国盟军仓皇撤退时As they retreated along with their French allies,5900:04:37,640 --> 00:04:40,280丢弃了大量装备they left most of their equipment behind.6000:04:41,720 --> 00:04:44,200撤离的路线上一片狼藉It was a shambles on a grand scale.6100:04:48,680 --> 00:04:53,120在法国的几周内 他们的坦克损失殆尽During those few weeks in France, they'd lost most of their tanks.6200:04:53,120 --> 00:04:56,960他们战斗力低下They could only claim a single, knocked out German one,6300:04:56,960 --> 00:05:01,160很多士兵坦白 说他们事实上很多时候都醉醺醺的and many of the soldiers confessed they'd spent much of the time drunk.6400:05:01,160 --> 00:05:06,920五团的第一次出击使他们蒙羞The 5th Tanks' first experience of the war had been an exercise in humiliation.6500:05:11,280 --> 00:05:14,440下士Harry Finlayson 二十五岁 职业军人Corporal Harry Finlayson, 25, a regular,6600:05:14,440 --> 00:05:17,600曾在印度服役had already seen service in India.6700:05:17,600 --> 00:05:21,920但在法国对坦克的指挥却是一团糟But commanding a tank in France was bewildering.6800:05:21,920 --> 00:05:24,360难以置信我们被打退了Couldn't believe we'd be pushed back.6900:05:24,360--> 00:05:28,200我从没这样想过 我以为我们会直捣黄龙打进德国It never entered my head. I thought we'd go straight into Germany,7000:05:28,200 --> 00:05:30,840我们非常自信was so sure about it.7100:05:30,840 --> 00:05:34,120当我们开始撤退时 我都不太相信When we started getting pushed back, I couldn't believe it.7200:05:38,240 --> 00:05:43,880当你将我军的坦克装备和德军对比时 你会发现德军完胜When you think of the tanks the Germans had and the tanks we had, they were all over us.7300:05:43,880 --> 00:05:46,000我们毫无胜算We didn't have a chance.7400:05:46,000 --> 00:05:48,480好像四面八方都是德军There were Germans everywhere, like.7500:05:58,320 --> 00:06:02,360第五团在法国的闹剧使很多人沮丧 哈利只是其中之一Harry wasn't the only one dismayed by the 5th's French farce.7600:06:04,000 --> 00:06:08,080另一个是伞兵Jake Wardrop 二十五岁 一个精明的格拉斯哥人A canny 25-year-old Glaswegian, Trooper Jake Wardrop,7700:06:08,080 --> 00:06:12,760提供了最重要的资料之一 他的袖珍日记provided one of the most perceptive accounts, written in a pocket diary.7800:06:15,280 --> 00:06:18,640以我们的军队去攻击德军"It was all as inadequate as would have been an effort7900:06:18,640 --> 00:06:22,080就好比螳臂当车"to tie down a mad bull with white cotton.8000:06:22,080 --> 00:06:25,320我们的坦克又差又少"We had a ridiculously small amount of material,8100:06:25,320 --> 00:06:29,000部队组织涣散"and an even smaller amount of organisation.8200:06:29,000 --> 00:06:31,760我个人觉得 进军索姆河"My own opinion of the Somme episode8300:06:31,760 --> 00:06:34,520是个愚蠢的决定"was that it was a very silly place to be."8400:06:36,120 --> 00:06:39,760Jake Wardrop是五团的一座宝藏Jake Waldrop was a great treasure to the 5th Tanks.8500:06:40,960 --> 00:06:44,400他很清醒 因此对局势认识的He was no fool, he was able to assess the situation very...8600:06:46,640 --> 00:06:49,240很透彻..adequately for his own satisfaction.8700:06:49,240 --> 00:06:51,040所以才有了他的日记Hence the diaries he wrote.8800:06:51,040 --> 00:06:53,400当然 他不该写的Which, of course, he shouldn't have been writing.8900:06:53,400 --> 00:06:57,240因为一旦他们被俘虏 德军将得到他的日记Because if the tank was captured and the diary was in it,9000:06:57,240 --> 00:07:01,880那里面有部队的位置和其他信息positions and the details of the unit would be available.9100:07:01,880 --> 00:07:07,200但五团对这些纪律却并不重视But 5th Tanks had regard to those rules which...9200:07:07,200 --> 00:07:11,440没有严格恪守they liked to abide by, and not those they didn't.9300:07:14,000 --> 00:07:18,160撤回英国后 五团在萨里重组Back in England, the 5th Tanks regrouped at an army base in Surrey.9400:07:19,560 --> 00:07:22,600在这里 一些新兵和Here, the old regulars were joined by new recruits,9500:07:22,600 --> 00:07:26,240民兵加入 二十四岁的Gerry Solomon就是一个citizen soldiers, like 24-year-old Gerry Solomon.9600:07:27,640 --> 00:07:33,800当我抵达这里 感觉就好像是鱼儿离开了水 因为在这里我们经常When I arrived, I felt like a fish out of water, because there were we,more or less rookies,9700:07:33,800 --> 00:07:38,080被叫做菜鸟 那些人也是刚从法国前线回来as they called them, and all these other people9800:07:38,080 --> 00:07:42,960不过他们的遭遇更加坎坷had just come back from France and they were more hardened soldiers.9900:07:44,200 --> 00:07:47,360他们谈话的时候不会让我们加入They didn't sort of include you in their conversations.10000:07:47,360--> 00:07:52,480他是个新兵蛋子 他懂什么"He's a new boy,so he wouldn't understand it."10100:07:52,480 --> 00:07:55,320但是最终 我被他们接纳了But, eventually, I was accepted.10200:07:57,280 --> 00:08:00,000就当伞兵所罗门来了后And just as Trooper Solomon was settling in,10300:08:00,000 --> 00:08:04,440五团被命令做好海外作战的准备5th Tanks was told to make ready for active service abroad.10400:08:04,440 --> 00:08:05,880（人群欢呼）CROWDS CHEER10500:08:07,840 --> 00:08:12,600一九四零年六月 意大利的独裁者墨索里尼In June 1940, the Italian dictator,Benito Mussolini,10600:08:12,600 --> 00:08:15,000对英宣战declared war on Britain.10700:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,440（意大利语）HE SPEAKS ITALIAN10800:08:25,240 --> 00:08:26,560（群众欢呼）CROWDS CHEER10900:08:29,600 --> 00:08:33,240他野心勃勃地要吞并英属埃及His ambition was to conquer British-occupied Egypt11000:08:33,240 --> 00:08:36,640和战略要地苏伊士运河and the strategically vital Suez Canal.11100:08:36,640 --> 00:08:41,840利比亚作为意大利的殖民地 为这次入侵提供了一个跳板Libya, an Italian colony, provided the launching pad for this invasion.11200:08:45,720 --> 00:08:49,600一九四零年秋 第五军团的士兵开赴中东By the autumn of 1940, the men of 5th Tanks were on their way11300:08:49,600 --> 00:08:53,000和原驻军汇合保卫埃及to the Middle East to the Allied garrison, protecting Egypt.11400:08:55,920 --> 00:08:58,480对一些士兵来说 这一切像是一次探险For some, it all seemed like an adventure.11500:09:00,520 --> 00:09:04,160我倒是很兴奋 因为可以出去看看中东Well, I was excited about going abroad and seeing the Middle East.11600:09:05,440 --> 00:09:09,520我把这次行动当做了一次观光 并没想太多I was regarding it as a sort of sightseeing tour, more than anything.11700:09:16,000 --> 00:09:20,800一九四零年圣诞前一天的上午 经过将近两个月的航行On the morning of Christmas Eve,1940, after almost two months at sea,11800:09:20,800 --> 00:09:25,200第五坦克团在埃及的亚历山大港集结the 5th Tanks gathered in the Egyptian port of Alexandria.11900:09:29,160 --> 00:09:32,880航行了很远 每个人都对远远抛在后面的家乡无比思念Far from home, each man thought of those they'd left behind.12000:09:37,040 --> 00:09:40,280因为我要出征 我的妈妈非常伤心My mother, she was very upset because I was going.12100:09:41,480 --> 00:09:45,920她告诉我 答应我Harry 一定要回来She said to me, "Promise me, Harry, that you'll come back."12200:09:45,920 --> 00:09:50,640我说 我答应你我一定会回来 后来她哭了I said, "Yeah, I promise you, I'll come back." And she was crying.12300:09:50,640 --> 00:09:55,160我安慰她说 别哭妈妈 别担心 那儿没人能杀掉我I told her, "No, don't worry, nobody there is going to kill me,12400:09:55,160 --> 00:09:56,440我会平安回来"I'll come back."12500:10:05,080 --> 00:10:08,760前线的一小部分守军给了来犯的意大利侵略者At the front, a small force of Allied troops was giving12600:10:08,760 --> 00:10:11,120当头一棒the Italian invaders a beating.12700:10:18,240 --> 00:10:25,040由于以小代价给了敌方大打击 英军扭转了被动局面 开始进军利比亚For the loss of only 500, British forces had turned the tide and advanced into Libya.12800:10:25,040 --> 00:10:28,240这次胜利鼓舞了五团News that cheered the newly landed 5th Tanks.12900:10:30,520 --> 00:10:36,160当我们抵达时听说了他们的战报 大量的侵略者被歼灭When we arrived we'd heard they had taken no end of Italian prisoners.13000:10:36,160 --> 00:10:40,120每个人都很高兴Everybody was very, sort of, jubilant about it all,13100:10:40,120 --> 00:10:43,360因为我觉得可能不需要我们上战场了because I think it was possible we weren't going to be needed.13200:10:46,040 --> 00:10:49,800但如果Gerry Solomon认为他们对于残酷的实际战斗是多余的But if Gerry Solomon thought they might be spared the unpleasantness13300:10:49,800 --> 00:10:53,280那么他可要重新想想了of actual fighting, they were about to think again.13400:10:56,720 --> 00:11:00,960一九四一年二月 一支难缠的德军In February 1941, a battle-hardened German force13500:11:00,960 --> 00:11:04,880抵达了北非 来援救他们的意大利盟友arrived in North Africa to rescue their Italian allies.13600:11:04,880 --> 00:11:07,000德意志非洲军团The Afrika Korps.13700:11:08,880 --> 00:11:12,120带领这支装备优良的装甲部队的Armed with better tanks than the British, the Afrika Korps13800:11:12,120 --> 00:11:15,600就是彻底改变了沙漠战的was led by a man who would change the dynamic of desert warfare...13900:11:18,320 --> 00:11:19,920埃尔文·隆美尔..Erwin Rommel.14000:11:21,840 --> 00:11:25,960Jake Wardrop把他描述成一个大胆邪恶的宪兵Jake Wardrop described him as the bold, bad policeman.14100:11:25,960 --> 00:11:29,880但他通常被人们称为沙漠之狐But he was more commonly known as the Desert Fox.14200:11:31,560 --> 00:11:36,240五团在法国就已经遭遇过隆美尔The 5th Tanks had already encountered Rommel in France.14300:11:36,240 --> 00:11:42,440但在这片沙漠 这位德国名将的才华大放异彩But it was out here that the German general's talents found a perfect arena.14400:11:42,440 --> 00:11:46,880他写道 机动部队和坦克战的作战方式可以It was, he wrote, "The only theatre where the principles14500:11:46,880 --> 00:11:51,520在这个地方发挥到极致of motorised and tank warfare could be applied to the full."14600:11:51,520 --> 00:11:54,360他对德意志非洲军抱有极大野心And he had big plans for the Afrika Korps -14700:11:54,360--> 00:11:59,040他想占领英属埃及后直取阿拉伯的油田to conquer British Egypt and drive onwards to the Arabian oil fields.14800:12:02,000 --> 00:12:06,240一九四一年三月二十四日 隆美尔发动一波攻势On 24th March, 1941, Rommel launched an offensive.14900:12:07,440 --> 00:12:11,240英军司令部坚信他并未做好长期作战准备British headquarters had believed he wouldn't be ready for months.15000:12:13,080 --> 00:12:16,880因此当愚人节五团遭到攻击时So when, on April Fools' Day, the 5th Tanks were attacked,15100:12:16,880 --> 00:12:21,880他们的上司告诉他们那只是倒霉的意大利人在放空炮they had been told by their commanders it could only be the hapless Italians.15200:12:26,480 --> 00:12:29,760我们进入战壕 看到一些坦克过来了We'd got in this ditch and we saw some tanks coming,15300:12:29,760 --> 00:12:33,040坦克上有很大的黑色十字符号huge great tanks with big, black crosses on them.15400:12:33,040 --> 00:12:37,280我惊呼 该死的德国人 我们并不知道德国人到了I said, "Bloody Germans!" We didn't have any Germans there.15500:12:37,280 --> 00:12:40,840接着我们看到了卡车载着德国士兵过来And then we see lorries coming with Germans in them.15600:12:40,840 --> 00:12:44,040我立刻跑回去报告 可他们不肯相信我So I went back and reported and they wouldn't believe me.15700:12:44,040 --> 00:12:47,240连长不肯相信我 那儿没德国军队Company commander wouldn't believe me. "There's no Germans there."15800:12:47,240 --> 00:12:50,840我说 你自己看 第二天早晨 我们看到了德军I said, "Well, they are." The next morning, we knew they were there.15900:12:51,960 --> 00:12:55,320以我们的坦克不可能战胜他们The tanks we had against theirs was impossible.16000:12:56,640 --> 00:12:59,160士兵们都知道从以往战绩来看They knew from bitter experience16100:12:59,160 --> 00:13:02,240曾在法国的战斗中表现的很差劲that British tanks such as the A-13,16200:13:02,240 --> 00:13:06,280的这种A-13的英式坦克which had performed so poorly in the battle for France,16300:13:06,280 --> 00:13:10,040不可能是德国装甲部队的对手were simply no match for the German Panzers.16400:13:10,040 --> 00:13:14,600这一辆就是传说中的A-13 一辆能集中体现英国在So, here it is - the A-13, a tank that embodies everything16500:13:14,600 --> 00:13:18,080二战中所装备的装甲车辆的拙劣设计that was worst about British inter-war armoured vehicle design.16600:13:18,080 --> 00:13:20,920它由于对技术过于狂热地追求It was overly ambitious in its technology16700:13:20,920 --> 00:13:24,560而使它在制造中显得粗制滥造and shoddily executed in the way it was manufactured.16800:13:28,600 --> 00:13:32,280A-13对五团来说就像个死亡陷阱But the A-13 was also a death-trap to the men of the 5th.16900:13:34,200 --> 00:13:38,760进入其中的一个是相当的难 Get inside one of these and you'll see how hard that was to do.17000:13:41,240 --> 00:13:47,360或者 更切中要害地说 要很快出来也是很难的Or, more to the point, how hard it was to get out of them in a hurry.17100:13:47,360--> 00:13:49,920然后装备着很薄的装甲And that, combined with the thin armour,17200:13:49,920 --> 00:13:52,920你们可能期待的坦克兵的安全系数deprived the crew inside of the sense of security17300:13:52,920 --> 00:13:55,520已经荡然无存了that you might have expected them to have.17400:13:59,120 --> 00:14:03,880五团正面临前所未有的挑战The 5th were now facing an enemy they simply weren't prepared for.17500:14:05,840 --> 00:14:09,680德军击毁他们那差劲的坦克Their poorer tanks were struck down by German shot.17600:14:09,680 --> 00:14:12,920他们被德军的斯图卡式和多尼尔轰炸机从空中进行打击They were assailed from the skies by Stukas and Dorniers.17700:14:14,120 --> 00:14:17,440英军的指挥系统陷于瘫痪The British command structure went to pieces.17800:14:17,440 --> 00:14:21,640对一些五团士兵来说 这是他们第一次尝到战争的滋味And, for some in the 5th, it was their first taste of action.17900:14:21,640 --> 00:14:26,920当你加入战斗时 你会想 不是你死就是我亡 这就是战争Once you get into battle, you think, "Well, this is it. It's me or them."18000:14:29,640 --> 00:14:33,640每个人都很害怕 每个人都战战兢兢有些神经质Everybody was scared. Everybody was sort of jittery and jumpy.18100:14:35,280 --> 00:14:39,920当你在坦克里的时候你就成了敌人的靶子When you're in a tank and you're being fired at,18200:14:39,920 --> 00:14:42,560真的很吓人it's quite frightening.18300:14:42,560 --> 00:14:48,680因为你确定在你击中他之前他会先击中你Because you're sure that he's going to hit you before you hit him.18400:14:50,280 --> 00:14:52,960我在沙漠里从未祈祷过I don't think I ever prayed in the desert.18500:14:55,000 --> 00:14:59,120连我都疑惑我为什么不那样做I often wondered afterwards why I didn't.18600:15:06,760 --> 00:15:11,080Gerry Solomon和其他五团士兵面临的是德军的精锐坦克What Gerry Solomon and the others in 5th Tank were up against again was18700:15:11,080 --> 00:15:16,280上面标着三 那就是德军的三号坦克the superiority of the German mark three, the Panzerkampfwagen III.18800:15:16,280 --> 00:15:19,440它在好几个方面超越英军坦克It had several advantages over British tanks.18900:15:19,440 --> 00:15:23,560它是英式坦克的两倍重 而大部分是装甲的重量It weighed nearly twice as much and most of that was armour.19000:15:23,560 --> 00:15:25,240这使士兵生命更加有所保障And it was more reliable.19100:15:30,960 --> 00:15:35,160三号坦克的设计非常的人性化The mark three is very well designed from the human perspective.19200:15:35,160 --> 00:15:40,280坐在这个位置的指挥官有着极佳的视野The commander, who sat in this position, had fantastic all-round visibility -19300:15:40,280 --> 00:15:45,560事实上 我曾经坐过的另一辆坦克的同样位置 视野也没有三号坦克好 那是叫做酋长的在冷战时期的一款坦克better, in fact, than I did in the same slot on a Chieftain back on Cold War exercises in the 1980s.19400:15:45,560 --> 00:15:48,520指挥官也可以很方便地跟别的成员交谈He could also talk to other members of the crew very easily.19500:15:48,520 --> 00:15:53,440举个例子 坐在我这个位置的炮手 可以很方便地跟其他人眼神交流 其他人也可以The gunner, for example, who sits where I am. They've got very easy eye contact and all the rest of it.19600:15:53,440 --> 00:15:58,360还有 如果战事不利 他们可以从我身后这个安全门逃走And, if it does all go horribly wrong, they've got escape hatches there, behind me and in the hull.19700:15:58,360--> 00:16:01,400他们出来的速度比英国坦克兵快多了They can get out much faster than the British crew could.19800:16:05,720 --> 00:16:08,520在德军装甲部队驰骋在英军战线上时As the German Panzers overran the British lines,19900:16:08,520 --> 00:16:11,960混乱如野火般迅速传递chaos and confusion spread like wildfire.20000:16:13,880 --> 00:16:17,840有趣的是 我并不害怕The funny thing was I don't think I felt scared.20100:16:17,840 --> 00:16:22,720我觉得我更担心我的搭档们I think I was more worried about my crew.20200:16:22,720 --> 00:16:26,800我当时告诉驾驶员该往哪儿走And I was telling the driver where to go.20300:16:26,800 --> 00:16:30,840我们并没有能力给予德国人以打击And I felt disappointed because we didn't have the power20400:16:30,840 --> 00:16:32,880这令我很沮丧to knock Jerry tanks out.20500:16:36,720 --> 00:16:38,560在这时 In the midst of this20600:16:38,560 --> 00:16:42,840一个经验丰富的指挥官 只有二十六岁was a veteran officer aged just 26.20700:16:42,840 --> 00:16:44,720中尉Arthur CrickmayLieutenant Arthur Crickmay.20800:16:46,240 --> 00:16:50,400Arthur Crickmay比很多人都清楚这个画面Arthur Crickmay understood this landscape better than most.20900:16:50,400 --> 00:16:56,000战争以前 他曾和他最好的朋友Ted来过 当时只是学生来探索而已Before the war, he'd been out here with his best friend, Ted, as students exploring.21000:16:56,000 --> 00:16:59,560接着他被召到并非五团的另外一支部队Then he'd been posted ahead of 5th Tanks to another battalion21100:16:59,560 --> 00:17:04,160那个部队已经消失了，就像这片荒野一样that was already "up the blue", as the army called this wilderness.21200:17:06,400 --> 00:17:10,320但是他对这些在役的人的失败感到沮丧But he was dismayed at the failure of those in charge,21300:17:10,320 --> 00:17:13,480在他富于表现力的信件写道as his letters home show so eloquently.21400:17:15,960 --> 00:17:20,520对于正在发生的事情没有一丝消息 传言构筑了整日的生活"There was no information about what was happening. Rumour was rife.21500:17:20,520 --> 00:17:23,280那是四月一日 确实是"It was April 1 and no mistake.21600:17:23,280 --> 00:17:28,200像每日邮报会说到的 让我们用宽容的心态面对"As the Daily Mail would say, 'Let us draw a merciful feel21700:17:28,200 --> 00:17:31,560接下来六天回到来的糊涂和困惑" 'over the next six days of muddle and confusion,21800:17:31,560 --> 00:17:33,560秩序和混乱" 'order and counter-order.'21900:17:37,640 --> 00:17:42,120我们的一辆坦克爆炸的画面一直在我脑海里"My most vivid memory is one of our tanks exploding.22000:17:42,120 --> 00:17:45,800一定坦克里的所有弹药一起爆炸了"All the ammo inside must have gone up at once.22100:17:45,800 --> 00:17:48,440我曾见到很多的坦克着火"I've seen many tanks on fire,22200:17:48,440 --> 00:17:52,040但以前从未见过像这样爆炸的"but have never seen one go off like that before or since.22300:17:52,040 --> 00:17:56,240接下来的几天可能是我所能记得的最令人讨厌的日子"The next few days were among some of the most unpleasant I can remember."22400:18:00,800 --> 00:18:04,440中尉Arthur·Crickmay清楚的了解Lieutenant Arthur Crickmay understood only too well22500:18:04,440 --> 00:18:07,240当一枚炮弹击中坦克会发生什么what happened when a shell struck a tank.22600:18:07,240 --> 00:18:11,440这是这里大多数人的命运It was the fate that befell so many of the men here.22700:18:11,440 --> 00:18:14,440炮弹穿透坦克一侧后The projectile penetrating one side22800:18:14,440 --> 00:18:18,320就无力再穿透另一侧装甲would lack the energy to exit through the other,22900:18:18,320 --> 00:18:22,360然后就会在坦克里反弹 把坦克兵撕成碎片ricocheting about inside, tearing people to pieces.23000:18:22,360--> 00:18:27,240如果炮弹击中的是弹药箱或者燃料箱 坦克会立刻着火If it struck ammunition or fuel, a fire could soon take hold.23100:18:27,240 --> 00:18:32,080浓烟和火焰会在坦克里翻腾 不出三十秒Smoke and flames would billow from the turret and, within 30 seconds,23200:18:32,080 --> 00:18:35,760坦克里的温度就会像一座小火炉一样高the temperature inside could match that of a furnace.23300:18:35,760 --> 00:18:38,800坦克兵会被烧成灰烬The crew would be incinerated.23400:18:43,520 --> 00:18:48,760德装甲军团被Wardrop称为隆美尔的蓝眼宠儿 他们在一周多的时间内Rommel's blue-eyed boys, as Wardrop called them, had in just over a week23500:18:48,760 --> 00:18:50,600使英军的命运颠倒过来reversed British fortunes23600:18:50,600 --> 00:18:54,240重新占领了所有意大利失去的地区and regained all the territory the Italians had lost.23700:18:55,880 --> 00:18:58,120隆美尔确实优秀Rommel was good, of course he was,23800:18:58,120 --> 00:19:02,760但在这次攻击中他有些不明智 接下来给你解释but in this attack he hardly had to be brilliant. And here's why.23900:19:02,760 --> 00:19:09,080五团的五十二辆坦克 九辆被德军击毁Of 5 RTR's 52 tanks, nine had been destroyed by the Germans,24000:19:09,080 --> 00:19:11,400两辆勉强撤到托布鲁克港two had limped into Tobruk,24100:19:11,400 --> 00:19:16,800剩下的四十一辆 全部自己坏在了沙漠里and the rest - 41 of them - had broken down in the desert.24200:19:16,800 --> 00:19:19,440德意志非洲军能有多强大呢How good did the Afrika Korps have to be24300:19:19,440 --> 00:19:22,080当遇上只有这些坦克的英军when the British had tanks like that?24400:19:25,160 --> 00:19:29,240我们已经对德军坦克足够了解了We were quite aware of the specifications of the German tanks.24500:19:29,240 --> 00:19:32,000他们所有的坦克都有更长的枪筒All their tanks had longer barrels24600:19:32,000 --> 00:19:35,280意味着他们对空军打击效率很高which meant higher velocity for AP rounds.24700:19:35,280 --> 00:19:39,760而我们直到战争末期才抓住这一点And we never really caught up until late in the war.24800:19:43,600 --> 00:19:46,840在火力和策略上的失败使五团Outgunned and outmanoeuvred, the 5th retreated24900:19:46,840 --> 00:19:51,280撤退到利比亚东部的一个唯一没有被占领的城镇to the only town in eastern Libya that Rommel hadn't taken.25000:19:51,280 --> 00:19:53,160托布鲁克Tobruk.25100:19:54,560 --> 00:19:58,440失去了他们的坦克 Finlayson下士和他的队友们Bereft of their tanks, Corporal Finlayson and his crew25200:19:58,440 --> 00:20:01,480被打发到步兵团的战壕里were packed off to the trenches as infantry.25300:20:03,200 --> 00:20:06,720当时我们被包围了We were surrounded at Tobruk at the time.25400:20:08,440 --> 00:20:11,640我写信给我的妻子And I was writing a letter to my wife.25500:20:11,640 --> 00:20:17,120我的一个战友 应该说是兄弟 也在写信And a mate of mine was writing -one of the chaps was writing -25600:20:17,120 --> 00:20:19,160写给他的妈妈a letter to his mother.25700:20:19,160 --> 00:20:23,280他对我说 如果我死在这里 你会帮我把信寄出去吧And he said to me, "If I don't come out of this, will you post this letter for me?"25800:20:23,280 --> 00:20:27,280我说 当然 如果我死了 你也帮我寄 他答应了I said, "Yeah. If I don't come out, post this letter." He said yes.25900:20:27,280 --> 00:20:31,040于是我们各自写信So we wrote these letters.26000:20:31,040 --> 00:20:33,240在战壕里写And we were in a trench.26100:20:33,240 --> 00:20:35,400我们坐在那里写We sat down there in the trench writing,26200:20:35,400 --> 00:20:38,840我写完后转过来看他and when I had finished I turned around and looked at him.26300:20:38,840 --> 00:20:41,680他躺在那里已经死了 头上有个弹孔He was lying there dead with a bullet through his head.26400:20:43,840 --> 00:20:47,840他躺在那里 鲜血从头里流出 他已经死了He was lying there, blood coming out of his head there, he was dead.26500:20:47,840 --> 00:20:50,440我非常难受Oh, it was terrible.26600:20:52,040 --> 00:20:54,280他的信才写了一半And he'd only half done this letter.26700:20:54,280 --> 00:20:57,240我当时根本不知道怎么办 要不要把信送出去I didn't know what the devil to do, whether to send it or not.26800:20:57,240 --> 00:21:01,120我心想 算了吧不寄了 寄了反而更糟 可怕的事情啊I thought, "No, I'd better not. It wouldn't be nice." Horrible thing.26900:21:01,120 --> 00:21:04,480他写信的时候死了 所以我想还是不寄了He was writing that and died, so I thought I'd better not.27000:21:04,480 --> 00:21:06,280后来我就没寄So I didn't send it.27100:21:06,280 --> 00:21:08,320再后来我跟他的妈妈联系了I did get in touch with the mother27200:21:08,320 --> 00:21:10,520告诉她在她儿子死的时候我们在一块and told them I was with him when he died.27300:21:12,600 --> 00:21:16,200我说他直接被击中 没遭什么罪I said he didn't suffer, he was killed outright.27400:21:21,920 --> 00:21:24,760被困在托布鲁克港几周后After weeks of being trapped in Tobruk,27500:21:24,760 --> 00:21:29,200五团被皇家海军从地狱里往出救the 5th Tanks were delivered from that hell by the Royal Navy,27600:21:29,200 --> 00:21:31,880从俯冲式轰炸机群的攻击下寻找逃生机会taking their chances with the dive bombers27700:21:31,880 --> 00:21:35,920港口的防守交给了澳大利亚人and leaving the port to be defended by the Australians.27800:21:37,040 --> 00:21:40,400等他们撤离亚历山大港外的比较By the time they returned to the comparative sanity27900:21:40,400 --> 00:21:44,880完善的基地时 已经是春末夏初了of their base outside Alexandria, it was the end of spring.28000:21:44,880 --> 00:21:47,080到了圣诞节Having arrived at Christmas,28100:21:47,080 --> 00:21:52,000他们要经历埃及夏天的炙热的夏天了they'd yet to experience the roasting heat of an Egyptian summer.28200:21:52,000 --> 00:21:54,400水在这总是个问题Water was always an issue.28300:21:55,600 --> 00:21:57,880在沙漠里被定量供给Water was rationed in the desert.28400:21:57,880 --> 00:22:02,160每个士兵二十四小时内用这么一瓶Each man got about this much to last 24 hours.28500:22:02,160 --> 00:22:06,120如果水的供给充足—当然这种情况很少发生That's if supplies got through - that was often a big if -28600:22:06,120 --> 00:22:09,440而且如果他们的坦克里没有漏水的散热器and if they didn't have a leaking radiator on their tank28700:22:09,440 --> 00:22:11,280那么他们需要倒一些水进去that they had to pour some in.28800:22:11,280 --> 00:22:14,120在他们穿越沙漠的第一次行军中On their first marchthrough the desert,28900:22:14,120 --> 00:22:18,160五团的一些人已经极度缺水some of the men in 5th Tanksbecame so desperately thirsty29000:22:18,160 --> 00:22:21,440他们将车辆的坐垫撕开that they tore the seat cushionsfrom their vehicles,29100:22:21,440 --> 00:22:24,880夜里把它们放在沙漠中收集露水left them in the desert overnightto collect dew29200:22:24,880 --> 00:22:28,240早晨塞进嘴里拧出水and wrung them out into their mouthsin the morning.29300:22:28,240 --> 00:22:32,600那种味道很恶心，但是他们有什么办法呢It tasted disgusting,but what choice did they have?29400:22:35,280 --> 00:22:38,680当五团被调往亚历山大时Some reprieve from the hardships of the desert29500:22:38,680 --> 00:22:42,240情况才得到缓解came when the 5th were given leave in Alexandria.29600:22:42,240 --> 00:22:47,440这使他们有些沉湎于一些爱好中This allowed them to indulge in a little of what they fancied.29700:22:47,440 --> 00:22:52,560Jake Wardrop 去了他最喜欢去的地方 金色酒吧Jake Wardrop headed to one of his favourite haunts, The Golden Bar.29800:22:52,560 --> 00:22:55,960早上9点我们到了那个地方"At 9am, we hit the place.29900:22:55,960 --> 00:23:01,040并在第二天早上五点我们决定收工"And at 5am the following morning, we decided to call it a day.30000:23:02,200 --> 00:23:04,800多么美好的时光 难忘的时间"What a time. A notable session."30100:23:08,680 --> 00:23:12,000Jake Wardrop居然从那次金色酒吧之旅Well, Jake Wardrop survived that particular visit30200:23:12,000 --> 00:23:14,440毫发无损的回来了to The Golden Bar without a scrap.30300:23:14,440 --> 00:23:18,080在他的日记里，在他略显腼腆的记述中In his diary, he's rather coy about how many beatings30400:23:18,080 --> 00:23:20,560他多次在战争中幸存he did in fact hand out.30500:23:20,560 --> 00:23:23,640但是我们从其他人那知道 这种概率很小But we know from others there were quite a few.30600:23:23,640 --> 00:23:28,840Wardrop说他忍不住拧权威的鼻子（挑衅权威）Wardrop himself said he couldn't resist tweaking the noses of those in authority.30700:23:28,840 --> 00:23:31,120在他去埃及之后And soon after he'd got to Egypt,30800:23:31,120 --> 00:23:35,560他因为在自己帐篷里喝酒 喧哗被军法审判he was court martialled for a noisy drinking session in his tent.30900:23:35,560 --> 00:23:37,680军官意识到Officers came to the view that31000:23:37,680 --> 00:23:41,240Wardrop是战场上的幸存者之一Wardrop was one of those men best kept in the field.31100:23:43,480 --> 00:23:46,800Jake Wardrop是一个很好的伙伴Jake Wardrop was a very nice fellow.31200:23:46,800 --> 00:23:51,200他不太好打交道 如果你知道我什么意思But he was a bit rough, if you know what I mean.31300:23:51,200 --> 00:23:54,760而且据我听说And, according to what I'd heard,31400:23:54,760 --> 00:23:57,720他是麻烦的源头he was nothing but a source of trouble.31500:23:58,920 --> 00:24:01,360你知道 有一天他可能是一等兵You know, he would be lance corporal one day31600:24:01,360--> 00:24:06,440一周或两周后 他可能出去喝酒and a week or two later, he'd go out and get drunk31700:24:06,440 --> 00:24:10,480然后哪被撞伤了 他回到一个士兵的角色and sort of smash places up and he'd be back to a trooper.31800:24:11,720 --> 00:24:14,440但是 当然 他相当无畏But, of course, he was quite fearless.31900:24:18,080 --> 00:24:22,400但是当Jake和他的伙伴们沉溺于亚历山大的酒精中时But while Jake and the boys enjoyed the drinking dives of Alexandria,32000:24:22,400 --> 00:24:26,160每个人都明白为了打败非洲的军队everyone understood that in order to beat the Afrika Korps,32100:24:26,160 --> 00:24:28,800五团和其余的英国军队the 5th and the rest of the British forces32200:24:28,800 --> 00:24:31,120需要一些新的武器装备were going to need some new hardware.32300:24:33,240 --> 00:24:39,000在七月2号，五团收到一些美国制造的新武器On 22 July, the 5th Tanks received some new American-made armour.32400:24:39,000 --> 00:24:42,480M3斯图尔特，更广为人知的名字，蜂蜜The M3 Stuart - or, more commonly, the Honey.32500:24:44,960 --> 00:24:49,520旧的汗水瞟了一眼新的美国进口装备—蜂蜜The old sweats cast a hard eye over this new American import, the Honey.32600:24:49,520 --> 00:24:52,360在某些方面，它同英国过去的坦克很像And in some ways it was quite similar to the British tanks32700:24:52,360--> 00:24:55,760同样的重量 大约十二吨they were used to. Same sort of weight, about 12 tonnes,32800:24:55,760 --> 00:24:58,040同样三十七毫米的枪37mm gun also similar.32900:24:58,040 --> 00:25:00,080但是最核心的不同在于But the really key difference33000:25:00,080 --> 00:25:03,440美国人用了现成的技术was that the Americans used off-the-shelf technology33100:25:03,440 --> 00:25:05,760这使它更加可靠and that made it much more reliable.33200:25:05,760 --> 00:25:07,560悬架 看看这个The suspension - look at this -33300:25:07,560 --> 00:25:11,680来自美国在30年代制造的拖拉机came from a tractor that had been built in America in the '30s.33400:25:11,680 --> 00:25:15,840发动机来自一个歼击机 它是径向活塞And the engine was from a fighter plane. It was a radial piston.33500:25:15,840 --> 00:25:17,480现在，所有这些意味着Now, what all of that meant was33600:25:17,480 --> 00:25:20,560它将会持续走的更远，而且问题更少it would keep going for far longer and far less trouble.33700:25:20,560 --> 00:25:24,120气冷式发动机一个好的作用在于And a nice side effect of the air-cooled engine,33800:25:24,120 --> 00:25:27,240你不需要水 在沙漠里很珍贵的水you didn't need water - very precious in the desert -33900:25:27,240 --> 00:25:32,560他通过人员舱-空调-来吸气and it sucked its air through the crew compartment - air conditioning.34000:25:36,080 --> 00:25:39,920对五团的人来说，蜂蜜将要受到For the men of the 5th Tanks, the Honey was to be tested to the limit34100:25:39,920 --> 00:25:43,320他们目前为止最关键的战斗的考验in one of the most visceral battles of their war so far.34200:25:43,320 --> 00:25:45,960十字军坦克Operation Crusader.34300:25:49,640 --> 00:25:55,200一九四一年十一月十八日，在四个月的长期准备后On 18 November 1941, after four long months of preparation,34400:25:55,200 --> 00:25:58,920五团穿过进入利比亚的边界the 5th Tanks crossed the border into Libya.34500:25:58,920 --> 00:26:01,000作为第七装甲师的一部分As part of the 7th Armoured Division,34600:26:01,000 --> 00:26:03,640他们在由七百五十辆坦克组成的部队里they were in a 750-tank army,34700:26:03,640 --> 00:26:07,320是轴心国所有军队的2倍twice that of the Axis Forces put together.34800:26:07,320 --> 00:26:09,760他们也有充足的空中支援They also had generous air support.34900:26:12,360--> 00:26:15,000他们的任务是雄心勃勃的—Their mission was ambitious -35000:26:15,000 --> 00:26:17,120夺回利比亚东部to retake eastern Libya,35100:26:17,120 --> 00:26:20,320缓解托布鲁克,破坏非洲军团relieve Tobruk,and destroy the Afrika Korps.35200:26:21,520 --> 00:26:26,440为了做到这一点,他们希望沿着边境包围轴心国军队To do this, they hoped to envelop the Axis Forces along the frontier35300:26:26,440 --> 00:26:28,960用左侧装备精良的包围圈with a great left armoured hook.35400:26:28,960 --> 00:26:32,160这将使他们接近托布鲁克驻军This would bring them up close to the Tobruk garrison35500:26:32,160 --> 00:26:34,120他们将会分开迎击他们which would then break out to meet them.35600:26:34,120 --> 00:26:36,960非洲军团将被困在The Afrika Korps would be trapped35700:26:36,960 --> 00:26:40,200托布鲁克和埃及边境between Tobruk and the Egyptian border.35800:26:41,840 --> 00:26:45,080丘吉尔表示重要的战斗即将来临。Churchill signalled the importance of the battle to come.35900:26:45,080 --> 00:26:47,520他说：首次，He said, "For the first time,36000:26:47,520 --> 00:26:52,320德国人将会遇到英帝国军队的现代化武器。"British and Empire troops will meet the Germans with modern weapons.36100:26:52,320 --> 00:26:56,280战斗将会影响整个战争。"The battle will affect the whole course of the war.36200:26:56,280 --> 00:27:00,320沙漠的军队将会书写历史"The desert army may be able to write a page in history36300:27:00,320 --> 00:27:03,760这将与布伦海姆和滑铁卢并列。"that will rank with Blenheim and Waterloo.36400:27:03,760 --> 00:27:06,600所有人的心和你一起"All of our hearts go with you."36500:27:12,120 --> 00:27:15,520在穿越边境的两天中Within two days of crossing the border, the 5th Tanks had36600:27:15,520 --> 00:27:20,760第五坦克团已经绕过他们的敌人的前线和前进了惊人的150英里bypassed their enemy's frontline and advanced an extraordinary 150 miles.36700:27:22,240 --> 00:27:24,920当我们得到了蜂蜜坦克When we got the Honeys,36800:27:24,920 --> 00:27:29,240这是我们真正参与战斗的开始that was when we really started to get involved in the fighting.36900:27:29,240 --> 00:27:32,200蜂蜜坦克的机动性极佳The Honey was a very manoeuvrable tank,37000:27:32,200 --> 00:27:34,960它可以到达别人无法到达的地方it could get in places whereothers could not get.37100:27:37,880 --> 00:27:41,480蜂蜜坦克的速度和可靠性The Honey's speed and reliability helped the 5th rush ahead37200:27:41,480 --> 00:27:44,760使第五坦克提前到托布鲁克附近的 Rezegh Sidi机场to the airfield of Sidi Rezegh near Tobruk.37300:27:44,760 --> 00:27:48,280英国突袭并占领了它The British seized it with a surprise attack,37400:27:48,280 --> 00:27:52,160但很快 胜利让英军将领失望but soon that success turned sour as British commanders37500:27:52,160 --> 00:27:55,120他们决定袭击的国人的策略decided that the tactic of rushing the Germans,37600:27:55,120 --> 00:27:59,200就像轻骑队之战歌一样,可能会继续起作用rather like the charge of the Light Brigade, might keep working.37700:28:02,960 --> 00:28:07,360巴拉克拉瓦命令突袭敌军 这也成为Balaclava charges, rushing towards the enemy, were a tactic37800:28:07,360--> 00:28:10,560英国坦克兵在沙漠里经常使用的策略frequently used by British tank regiments in the desert.37900:28:12,040 --> 00:28:16,120对Jake Wardrop和他的伙伴那是绝对的疯狂To Jake Wardrop and his mates, that was absolute madness.38000:28:16,120 --> 00:28:21,240首先 因为它没作用 其次 因为它牺牲太大A - because it did not work, and B - because it cost lives.38100:28:24,320 --> 00:28:28,240决定故技重施"It was decided to give them the good old charge again.38200:28:28,240 --> 00:28:31,720坦白的说,对于这个任务我没有足够的力量"Quite frankly, I was not so strong for this charging business,38300:28:31,720 --> 00:28:34,200但我们仍要继续"although we continued to do it.38400:28:34,200 --> 00:28:39,440我们出发了。我们冲向这些坦克 边走边开火"Off we went. We went storming right into these tanks, firing as we went."38500:28:43,840 --> 00:28:48,600隆美尔不得不摆脱英国的包围或面临失败Rommel had to break out of the British encirclement or face defeat.38600:28:48,600 --> 00:28:52,640Sidi Rezegh成为他所有工作的焦点Sidi Rezegh became the focus of his efforts.38700:28:52,640 --> 00:28:55,160反坦克炮和坦克猛烈厮杀Anti-tank guns and tanks slugged it out.38800:29:02,320 --> 00:29:05,000它就像一个启示录里的场景It was like a scene from the Apocalypse.38900:29:07,040 --> 00:29:09,000我的坦克被击中My tank was hit.39000:29:09,000 --> 00:29:12,160它立刻起火了It immediately went up into flames.39100:29:13,960 --> 00:29:18,880一个伙伴爬出坦克，然后他...One of the crew scrambled out of the tank, and he was...39200:29:18,880 --> 00:29:24,320他留下的衣服还燃烧着What little bit of clothing he had left was still flaming.39300:29:24,320 --> 00:29:27,680而且 And, er...39400:29:27,680 --> 00:29:32,560当我们找到他 接近他的时候he, when we managed to get to him and tend to him,39500:29:32,560 --> 00:29:39,040他的皮肤都卷了起来 收缩着翻卷his skin had all rolled off, curled up and rolled off.39600:29:41,840 --> 00:29:46,400我们想应该去看下着火的坦克 我们向下看We thought we'd go and look in the burnt-out tank, and we looked down39700:29:46,400 --> 00:29:52,400那里有一个漂白骨架 就在坦克下的地面上and there was a bleached skeleton, right across the floor of the tank.39800:29:52,400 --> 00:30:00,080头盖骨上只剩下一副银边眼镜There was just these steel-rimmed glasses on the skull.39900:30:00,080 --> 00:30:01,080在那里There.40000:30:05,760 --> 00:30:07,840Gerry Solomon得到一个有益的教训Gerry Solomon had received a salutary lesson40100:30:07,840 --> 00:30:11,680in the limitationsof the popgun, as he and the others40200:30:11,680 --> 00:30:16,520started calling the 37mm cannonmounted on their Honey tanks.40300:30:16,520 --> 00:30:17,760It fired one of these,40400:30:17,760 --> 00:30:21,200and in order to have a decent chanceof knocking out a German40500:30:21,200 --> 00:30:25,400armoured vehicle, you had to get towithin about 800 yards of it.40600:30:25,400 --> 00:30:28,560All the time you were trying to dothat, you could be under40700:30:28,560 --> 00:30:33,680fire from an 88mm German gunwith a range of two miles.40800:30:34,840 --> 00:30:37,640It fired one of these.40900:30:43,360--> 00:30:48,600Desperate to avoid defeat, the Axistroops attacked again and again.41000:30:48,600 --> 00:30:53,080It became a grim slugging match,a battle of attrition in which41100:30:53,080 --> 00:30:57,600superior German guns and armourbegan to tell.41200:30:57,600 --> 00:31:02,480As regards firepower, the Honey wasinadequate against the Germanarmour,41300:31:02,480 --> 00:31:07,320which was threeor four inches thick.41400:31:07,320 --> 00:31:09,120The shells would just bounce off.41500:31:13,440 --> 00:31:17,280By the evening of the 21st November,5th Tanks had been41600:31:17,280 --> 00:31:21,400sucked into the desperate fightingon Sidi Rezegh airfield.41700:31:21,400 --> 00:31:24,360One of the commanders there,Brigadier Jock Campbell,41800:31:24,360--> 00:31:26,600took matters into his own hands.41900:31:35,680 --> 00:31:39,000At the height of the battle,Brigadier Jock Campbell42000:31:39,000 --> 00:31:44,080appeared through a hail of shotand shell in an open-top staff car42100:31:44,080 --> 00:31:47,720and urged the 5th Tanks' Honeysto follow him forward.42200:31:47,720 --> 00:31:52,000It was an act of courage borderingon madness, for which he won the VC.42300:31:53,320 --> 00:31:56,880But an officer from the 5th Tankstried to stop him,42400:31:56,880 --> 00:31:59,280and Brigadier Campbelldrew his revolver,42500:31:59,280 --> 00:32:02,360telling the officer that the tankmen had been sent there42600:32:02,360--> 00:32:06,000to die anyway, and if he got inthe way he would shoot him.42700:32:12,920 --> 00:32:15,600The price of this attack was heavy.42800:32:15,600 --> 00:32:18,600When Harry Finlayson's tank wasknocked out that night,42900:32:18,600 --> 00:32:22,360he joined the list of thosemissing in action.43000:32:26,360--> 00:32:29,640They just put a shell on my engineand blew it up.43100:32:29,640 --> 00:32:32,400That was it, we were rightin the middle of the German lines,43200:32:32,400 --> 00:32:33,680we couldn't do anything else.43300:32:34,840 --> 00:32:37,400I stood on the top of the tank,put my hands out,43400:32:37,400 --> 00:32:41,640when they came round surrounding us,I got my crew out43500:32:41,640 --> 00:32:47,080and the German officer said,for you, the war is over.43600:32:51,800 --> 00:32:55,000After weeks of fighting,Rommel battered his way43700:32:55,000 --> 00:32:59,640out of the Allied trap, savingthe Afrika Korps from destruction.43800:32:59,640 --> 00:33:02,480In early December,the British relieved Tobruk43900:33:02,480 --> 00:33:06,320and completed the reconquestof eastern Libya.44000:33:06,320 --> 00:33:10,160The 8th Army hadsucceeded in two out of three aims,44100:33:10,160 --> 00:33:13,680but Rommel's escapeand the scale of the slaughter44200:33:13,680 --> 00:33:18,560meant its soldiers were hardlyin a mood to celebrate.44300:33:18,560 --> 00:33:21,160Arthur Crickmay had losthis best friend.44400:33:22,800 --> 00:33:27,840The operation as a whole can only bedescribed as a gigantic cock-up.44500:33:29,640 --> 00:33:33,160We won in the end, but at what cost?44600:33:36,600 --> 00:33:39,920Returning from the front,the men of 5 RTR lost themselves44700:33:39,920 --> 00:33:44,320in the bars and brothelsof Alexandria and Cairo.44800:33:47,000 --> 00:33:49,440Having garrisonedthe country for 60 years,44900:33:49,440 --> 00:33:53,680the British Army knewplenty about Egypt's brothels.45000:33:53,680 --> 00:33:55,320They gave the men condoms45100:33:55,320 --> 00:33:58,960and brought doctors to inspectthe prostitutes for VD.45200:33:58,960 --> 00:34:03,680In the 1930s, a certain lieutenantcolonel, Bernard Montgomery,45300:34:03,680 --> 00:34:05,480who we will meet again soon,45400:34:05,480 --> 00:34:10,120had insisted on medical inspectionsof this kind, because he said45500:34:10,120 --> 00:34:14,400his men absolutely requiredtheir horizontal refreshment.45600:34:17,480 --> 00:34:23,920Horizontal R&R and heavy drinkingprovided short-lived catharsis45700:34:23,920 --> 00:34:26,320for those in 5 RTR,45800:34:26,320 --> 00:34:29,440who'd come through the meat grinderof Operation Crusader.45900:34:29,440 --> 00:34:31,800For many in the 5th Tanks,46000:34:31,800 --> 00:34:37,000Sidi Rezegh marked their first realtaste of the bitter reality of war.46100:34:37,000 --> 00:34:41,840For anyone still with the Battalionwho thought the war was46200:34:41,840 --> 00:34:45,560a bit of a lark,illusions had been shattered.46300:34:45,560 --> 00:34:47,720They now wanted vengeance.46400:34:52,320 --> 00:34:57,440Vengeance for the 5th camein early 1942 in the form46500:34:57,440 --> 00:34:59,000of new tanks from Uncle Sam.46600:35:07,000 --> 00:35:10,040There's nothing quite like a bitof American overkill,46700:35:10,040 --> 00:35:12,280and this is a monster.46800:35:12,280 --> 00:35:16,360It weighs in at 26 tonnes,and look at the height of it.46900:35:16,360--> 00:35:20,400But the most important featurewas the arsenal of weapons.47000:35:20,400 --> 00:35:22,720It's got the same37mm popgun up there47100:35:22,720 --> 00:35:24,960in the turret that the Honey had,47200:35:24,960 --> 00:35:29,560but the key thing is that it mountsthis 75mm cannon here.47300:35:29,560 --> 00:35:32,960This, for the first time, allowedthe British tank crews to knock47400:35:32,960 --> 00:35:38,240out not just Panzers, but anti-tankguns using high explosive shells.47500:35:38,240 --> 00:35:42,160It also has machine guns in the hulland on the turret.47600:35:42,160 --> 00:35:45,960One British commanderdescribed its arrival in the desert47700:35:45,960 --> 00:35:48,840as being like the shiftfrom sail to steel.47800:35:53,920 --> 00:35:57,920Men were moving on, too -Arthur Crickmay was sent to Burma47900:35:57,920 --> 00:36:01,640and Gerry Solomon, the former grocerand one-time rookie,48000:36:01,640 --> 00:36:04,080was now a corporalcommanding a tank.48100:36:07,720 --> 00:36:12,600Jake Wardrop, despite his longerservice, was still just a driver.48200:36:14,960 --> 00:36:18,320The Allied front was settled on theGazala line.48300:36:19,560 --> 00:36:23,360It stretched from Gazalaon the coast to the old48400:36:23,360--> 00:36:27,000Turkish fortress of Bir Hacheim,40-odd miles to the south.48500:36:27,920 --> 00:36:30,320But this was a risky position.48600:36:30,320 --> 00:36:36,760The Gazala line didn't extend allthe way to the impassablesands of the Sahara.48700:36:36,760 --> 00:36:38,720This open flank had been left48800:36:38,720 --> 00:36:40,840to allow the British to resume48900:36:40,840 --> 00:36:46,120their advance, unless the Germanswent inland and used it first.49000:36:49,880 --> 00:36:56,160On the afternoon of 26 May, 1942,Rommel attacked the Gazala line.49100:36:56,160 --> 00:37:00,600His artillery pinned the Alliedtroops close to the sea, while his49200:37:00,600 --> 00:37:04,680armoured divisions were sent southof the Gazala line to attack theirflank.49300:37:10,120 --> 00:37:16,400On the morning of 27 May, 5 RTRwere told to pack up and get ready.49400:37:18,640 --> 00:37:23,680"The Bosch were not far away now,and we had to keep an eye on them.49500:37:23,680 --> 00:37:28,360"I got up, had a wash,shave, cleaned my teethand slicked my hair up.49600:37:28,360--> 00:37:32,240"In fact, it used to be quite aritual with us to get queened up,49700:37:32,240 --> 00:37:36,160"as though we were going to the Plazawhen we had a date with Erwin."49800:37:41,160 --> 00:37:45,280Throughout the small hours,reports had been flying around that49900:37:45,280 --> 00:37:49,640something very sizeable was goingon to the south of the Gazala line.50000:37:51,120 --> 00:37:55,360At 7.30pm, the order came throughto move to battle positions.50100:37:57,800 --> 00:38:01,680Five minutes later, the Honeysand the new Grants lurched forward.50200:38:15,080 --> 00:38:18,720In the confusion of a desert battle,your enemy could be two miles away,50300:38:18,720 --> 00:38:23,000and you have to scan the horizonwith the utmost attention.50400:38:23,000 --> 00:38:25,840A kick of dust was a gun firing.50500:38:26,880 --> 00:38:30,840A second or two later,a sound like ripping paper announced50600:38:30,840 --> 00:38:34,160a high-velocity roundflashing past you or overhead.50700:38:36,600 --> 00:38:40,840If the light burning in its tailwas red, it was British fire.50800:38:40,840 --> 00:38:44,120If it was green or yellow,it was enemy.50900:38:44,120 --> 00:38:46,320Registering those fleeting sights51000:38:46,320 --> 00:38:50,240and sounds could make all thedifference between life and death.51100:39:03,680 --> 00:39:07,240The hot, dry wind, which wasso unpleasant that the Arabs51200:39:07,240 --> 00:39:11,400claimed it was enough to excusemurder, started to blow as well.51300:39:14,400 --> 00:39:17,920British commanders had beencaught by surprise.51400:39:17,920 --> 00:39:22,880In the unfolding mayhem of confusedclose-range fights, the generals'51500:39:22,880 --> 00:39:27,400habit of keeping ordinary tank crewsin the dark cost them dear.51600:39:32,080 --> 00:39:35,960It was very confusing, you could notget any definite information.51700:39:35,960 --> 00:39:38,760They didn't want you to haveinformation, in case51800:39:38,760 --> 00:39:42,240you got capturedand you gave it away.51900:39:42,240 --> 00:39:44,400They kept information from you.52000:39:45,520 --> 00:39:48,120They only told you whatthey wanted you to know.52100:39:54,240 --> 00:39:58,080On the 2nd June, the 5th Tankssuffered their worst day of the war.52200:39:58,080 --> 00:40:02,680Only eight Honeysand one Grant returned from battle.52300:40:02,680 --> 00:40:07,200Some 51 officers and men of tankcrews were dead or missing.52400:40:10,800 --> 00:40:15,520The surviving officers decided tofortify their men by a method52500:40:15,520 --> 00:40:18,400used since antiquity, a rum ration.52600:40:22,880 --> 00:40:25,680Alcohol might have numbed themtemporarily,52700:40:25,680 --> 00:40:28,960but the grim realitygot clearer by the day.52800:40:28,960 --> 00:40:32,200The Gazala line had collapsed.52900:40:35,800 --> 00:40:42,560On 21 June, 1942, Tobruk's garrisonof 30,000 surrendered.53000:40:42,560 --> 00:40:48,240After trying to take the city fortwo years, Rommel was triumphant.53100:40:53,400 --> 00:40:56,120The British Armywas now in full retreat,53200:40:56,120 --> 00:40:59,600having been out-gunned,out-manoeuvred, and out-generalled.53300:41:00,680 --> 00:41:04,680Those in charge called ita strategic withdrawal,53400:41:04,680 --> 00:41:07,680but this was a disasterby any other name.53500:41:08,960 --> 00:41:12,240Just a few weeks before,the British had built up a huge53600:41:12,240 --> 00:41:15,880superiority in weapons,and were poised to mount their own53700:41:15,880 --> 00:41:19,640offensive, yet nowthey were in headlong retreat.53800:41:19,640 --> 00:41:25,880How had it happened? Many soldiershad a one-word explanation, Rommel.53900:41:25,880 --> 00:41:29,960It's true the conductof his campaign had been brilliant.54000:41:29,960 --> 00:41:33,160In my view,the only one in the desert war where54100:41:33,160 --> 00:41:36,440he really deservedhis stellar reputation.54200:41:36,440 --> 00:41:40,120But the real failure was thatof British military leadership.54300:41:43,920 --> 00:41:47,640While Rommel basked in glory,Churchill was desperate.54400:41:49,160 --> 00:41:53,440He wrote, "Defeat is one thing,disgrace is another."54500:41:57,440 --> 00:42:00,7605 RTR had to be rebuilt -and quickly.54600:42:00,760 --> 00:42:04,600Dozens of new recruits arrived,like Bill Chorley54700:42:04,600 --> 00:42:09,200and fellow conscript Bob Lay,both in their early 20s.54800:42:10,480 --> 00:42:13,000Bill and I were in the same tank.54900:42:13,000 --> 00:42:16,600I was the operatorand Bill was a gunner55000:42:16,600 --> 00:42:20,800and because of the loneliness55100:42:20,800 --> 00:42:23,720of the desert, your social life was55200:42:23,720 --> 00:42:27,360limited to your crew every day.55300:42:27,360--> 00:42:28,800You knew everything,55400:42:28,800 --> 00:42:31,840everything there wasto know about each other.55500:42:33,760 --> 00:42:37,720And you had a very,very good bond with them.55600:42:41,200 --> 00:42:44,040"Bob Lay has been with mesince I joined up.55700:42:44,040 --> 00:42:45,760"We spent six weeks at base.55800:42:45,760 --> 00:42:48,080"Most of the time was taken up55900:42:48,080 --> 00:42:50,560"on wireless and driving courses.56000:42:50,560 --> 00:42:55,000"This was our introduction to thedesert. It was a rough do, there."56100:43:01,280 --> 00:43:06,280By 30th June 1942,the British had fallen back to56200:43:06,280 --> 00:43:11,240the only defensible line betweenthe frontier and the Nile Delta,56300:43:11,240 --> 00:43:14,760a railway halt just 60 milesfrom Alexandria,56400:43:14,760 --> 00:43:16,320El Alamein.56500:43:18,920 --> 00:43:22,840The geography of the North Africancoast offers very few places56600:43:22,840 --> 00:43:25,240where you can make a stand.56700:43:25,240 --> 00:43:28,920If you put in a blocking positionon the coastal strip,56800:43:28,920 --> 00:43:33,400people can simply go roundon the inland side and bypass it56900:43:33,400 --> 00:43:35,800and that's what Rommel didtime and again.57000:43:35,800 --> 00:43:39,880This is one of the few placesthat's different, Alamein.57100:43:39,880 --> 00:43:41,320Inland, there's the57200:43:41,320 --> 00:43:43,760Qattara Depression, an impassable57300:43:43,760 --> 00:43:45,880area of sand dunes that Rommel57400:43:45,880 --> 00:43:48,120simply couldn't get through.57500:43:48,120 --> 00:43:50,880This is where the Britishchose to fight.57600:43:54,720 --> 00:43:58,760And Churchill decided that forthis battle the Desert Army needed57700:43:58,760 --> 00:44:01,200a clean sweep at the top.57800:44:01,200 --> 00:44:05,560His senior generals had presidedover woeful failure.57900:44:05,560 --> 00:44:08,480They hadn't deliveredthe victory he so craved58000:44:08,480 --> 00:44:10,040and that Britain so needed.58100:44:11,280 --> 00:44:14,680On 20th August, he madea personal appearance in the desert.58200:44:16,600 --> 00:44:19,280'We felt very proud and honouredwhen Churchill came58300:44:19,280 --> 00:44:22,040'and he was all praise for us.'58400:44:22,040 --> 00:44:25,800We knew very wellthe job wasn't done.58500:44:25,800 --> 00:44:28,400We had to go and make sure58600:44:28,400 --> 00:44:30,080the enemy was out of the desert.58700:44:32,480 --> 00:44:34,160Churchill was joined by58800:44:34,160 --> 00:44:37,400Lieutenant GeneralBernard Montgomery.58900:44:37,400 --> 00:44:39,800The Times newspaper reported that,59000:44:39,800 --> 00:44:42,320"It may well be that historians will59100:44:42,320 --> 00:44:46,400"point to this date as decisive indetermining the course of the war."59200:44:52,160 --> 00:44:54,760The one great thingthat Montgomery did59300:44:54,760 --> 00:44:57,080was to ensure that59400:44:57,080 --> 00:45:01,320everybody knew whatthe opposition was,59500:45:01,320 --> 00:45:04,000what the objectives were,59600:45:04,000 --> 00:45:08,040so we had a concept of whatwas expected of us.59700:45:08,040 --> 00:45:11,880He was the type of man who wouldsay, "You want me to beat the59800:45:11,880 --> 00:45:14,560"Germans in the desert,59900:45:14,560 --> 00:45:19,440"you must give me enough tanksand men to do it.60000:45:19,440 --> 00:45:22,040"And they are not going todo it until you do."60100:45:22,040 --> 00:45:23,560That was his attitude.60200:45:23,560 --> 00:45:25,720And so it was.60300:45:25,720 --> 00:45:28,640We couldn't believe the amountof stuff that was coming up there.60400:45:33,560 --> 00:45:36,680Monty also had a realflair for publicity.60500:45:36,680 --> 00:45:41,080He took to wearing a black RTR beretwith the regimental tank badge60600:45:41,080 --> 00:45:43,280next to his general's one,60700:45:43,280 --> 00:45:48,920as a sort of sign of respect for menlike Gerry Solomon and Bob Lay.60800:45:48,920 --> 00:45:53,600As to what they made of him,that was a more complex issue.60900:45:53,600 --> 00:45:57,200Many relished the change inatmosphere that his arrival brought,61000:45:57,200 --> 00:46:00,880but equally, they couldn't forgetthat he might send them61100:46:00,880 --> 00:46:04,600to their deaths and he didn'treally understand tank warfare.61200:46:08,360--> 00:46:11,520But what Montgomery did understandwas that Rommel could be61300:46:11,520 --> 00:46:13,880relied upon to try the tactics61400:46:13,880 --> 00:46:16,560he'd used so effectively before.61500:46:16,560 --> 00:46:18,520And Monty had a plan.61600:46:18,520 --> 00:46:23,000He would secure his inland flanksouth of Alamein at a ridge61700:46:23,000 --> 00:46:24,600called Alam Halfa.61800:46:30,320 --> 00:46:33,160During the early hours of31st August,61900:46:33,160 --> 00:46:35,760the Germans were sightedmoving north.62000:46:35,760 --> 00:46:38,840British intelligencehad pinpointed the time62100:46:38,840 --> 00:46:41,320and place of this thrustwith precision.62200:46:43,080 --> 00:46:45,040Alam Halfa arose62300:46:45,040 --> 00:46:49,800because Rommel liked to makesurprise attacks in force62400:46:49,800 --> 00:46:53,440and at speed.62500:46:53,440 --> 00:46:56,200We had Enigma then62600:46:56,200 --> 00:46:58,920and we prepared for it.62700:47:02,480 --> 00:47:05,560Rommel assumed that he hada clear desert ahead62800:47:05,560 --> 00:47:08,600and that he could repeathis Gazala success,62900:47:08,600 --> 00:47:13,560hardly imagining that it was nowhis turn to waltz into an ambush.63000:47:20,800 --> 00:47:24,880Waiting for him were,among others, 5 RTR.63100:47:28,000 --> 00:47:30,040And we waited63200:47:30,040 --> 00:47:32,880and he appeared.63300:47:32,880 --> 00:47:37,120We let him come on and when he was63400:47:37,120 --> 00:47:38,960in range, we let him have it.63500:47:45,440 --> 00:47:47,320It was at Alam Halfa that the63600:47:47,320 --> 00:47:50,960desert war reachedits real turning point.63700:47:50,960 --> 00:47:54,400The British brigade had beendeployed along this ridge,63800:47:54,400 --> 00:47:57,360slap bang in the path ofa German Panzer division,63900:47:57,360--> 00:47:59,280advancing from the south.64000:48:06,400 --> 00:48:09,920In a couple of hours, its integrateddefence of artillery,64100:48:09,920 --> 00:48:12,480anti-tank guns andthe Grants of 5th Tanks,64200:48:12,480 --> 00:48:14,400took apart the Panzer division.64300:48:18,360--> 00:48:21,000Rommel had tried his old trick,64400:48:21,000 --> 00:48:24,440out-flanking fromthe inland side, and failed.64500:48:24,440 --> 00:48:26,320He'd been beaten at his own game.64600:48:28,960 --> 00:48:33,000One endeavoured to get as closeto the enemy as possible,64700:48:33,000 --> 00:48:35,200so that your gun was in range64800:48:35,200 --> 00:48:38,480and could knock him out.64900:48:46,000 --> 00:48:49,440The Battle Of Alam Halfalasted just over a week.65000:48:50,880 --> 00:48:54,120Alam Halfa was a significant battle65100:48:54,120 --> 00:48:57,400for the 5th RTR, because we'd65200:48:57,400 --> 00:48:59,920adopted new tactics65300:48:59,920 --> 00:49:04,280and we'd given the Panzer divisiona good hiding.65400:49:09,040 --> 00:49:11,880With his supply situation precarious65500:49:11,880 --> 00:49:14,320and superior Allied firepower,65600:49:14,320 --> 00:49:16,480Rommel fell back to regroup.65700:49:26,960 --> 00:49:29,600While the Afrika Korpslicked its wounds,65800:49:29,600 --> 00:49:33,960British forces rehearsed everydetail for the battle ahead.65900:49:33,960 --> 00:49:38,3605th Tanks, exhausted aftertwo years of fighting,66000:49:38,360--> 00:49:40,840were asked whetherthey were still up for it.66100:49:42,040 --> 00:49:43,320"A parade was called66200:49:43,320 --> 00:49:45,960"and we were given the choiceof going to Cairo66300:49:45,960 --> 00:49:47,600"and missing the push,66400:49:47,600 --> 00:49:50,160"or staying on the blueand taking part in it.66500:49:51,560 --> 00:49:54,840"At the end of his speech,we were asked to step forward66600:49:54,840 --> 00:49:56,080"if we wanted to stay...66700:49:57,520 --> 00:49:59,920"..and the whole battaliontook a pace forward."66800:50:03,760 --> 00:50:06,640Having rededicatedthemselves to the fight,66900:50:06,640 --> 00:50:10,520the 5th Tanks came back outto the Alamein position.67000:50:10,520 --> 00:50:14,200Montgomery had received vitalstrategic intelligence from67100:50:14,200 --> 00:50:17,600intercepted German communications -Ultra.67200:50:17,600 --> 00:50:20,480He also had hundreds of new tanks,67300:50:20,480 --> 00:50:22,000ample supplies67400:50:22,000 --> 00:50:24,760and substantial RAF support.67500:50:24,760 --> 00:50:28,760It was time for the 8th Armyto take the offensive.67600:50:34,280 --> 00:50:38,720At 1900 hours, on 23 October 1942,67700:50:38,720 --> 00:50:45,120220,000 men and over 1,000 Alliedtanks lined up along the front.67800:50:48,560 --> 00:50:52,600The long-awaited British assaultto smash Axis forces67900:50:52,600 --> 00:50:57,600and then drive them out of Africaaltogether was about to start.68000:51:01,880 --> 00:51:04,920To achieve this, the enemy needed68100:51:04,920 --> 00:51:06,600a bit of softening up.68200:51:10,560 --> 00:51:13,280EXPLOSIONS68300:51:18,760 --> 00:51:22,800The sky was illuminated bycontinuous flashes of light.68400:51:22,800 --> 00:51:26,040The whole horizon was covered.68500:51:28,080 --> 00:51:30,920Not good for your ears. Hearing aids.68600:51:35,000 --> 00:51:37,640The barrage lasted for six hours.68700:51:37,640 --> 00:51:41,920It could be heard all the wayto Alexandria, over 60 miles away.68800:51:50,400 --> 00:51:53,880Once guns had been fired,German morale pummelled68900:51:53,880 --> 00:51:56,360and minefields breached,69000:51:56,360--> 00:51:59,360it was time for Montyto let the armour loose.69100:52:02,080 --> 00:52:05,240British tanks,including the 5th Tank Regiment,69200:52:05,240 --> 00:52:06,880cut through the enemy lines.69300:52:08,560 --> 00:52:12,760The biggest tank battle of theDesert Campaign had begun.69400:52:19,240 --> 00:52:22,920We knew that this was goingto be a God Almighty fight.69500:52:25,360--> 00:52:29,440I think after about a weekwe did start to get through.69600:52:30,640 --> 00:52:34,920And I could see this monumental taskthat lay ahead of us.69700:52:38,960 --> 00:52:40,480Losses were heavy.69800:52:40,480 --> 00:52:45,000200 British tanksin the first 48 hours,69900:52:45,000 --> 00:52:48,320as many as the Germans hadstarted the battle with.70000:52:52,480 --> 00:52:55,600But the 8th Armypressed on regardless.70100:52:55,600 --> 00:52:58,760They had overall superiorityand they knew it.70200:53:04,560 --> 00:53:06,600GUNS FIRE70300:53:14,120 --> 00:53:17,760It became quite apparent,very quickly,70400:53:17,760 --> 00:53:21,040that they were making a run for it.70500:53:21,040 --> 00:53:23,480There were tanks burningall over the place.70600:53:25,920 --> 00:53:29,480And we were collecting prisoners,particularly the Italians, of course,70700:53:29,480 --> 00:53:31,040cos they were left behind.70800:53:34,000 --> 00:53:35,640"There were thousands70900:53:35,640 --> 00:53:37,680"and thousands of prisoners.71000:53:37,680 --> 00:53:39,920"If we happened to stop beside any,71100:53:39,920 --> 00:53:42,360"we nipped out, pinchedtheir watches,71200:53:42,360--> 00:53:44,040"binoculars, or anything else71300:53:44,040 --> 00:53:46,000"they had and carried on."71400:53:54,680 --> 00:53:56,480By the end of October,71500:53:56,480 --> 00:53:59,360the situation was criticalfor Rommel.71600:53:59,360--> 00:54:02,520Having lost a vast quantityof his armour,71700:54:02,520 --> 00:54:05,080his position was hopeless.71800:54:09,920 --> 00:54:12,640On 4th November, the Afrika Korps71900:54:12,640 --> 00:54:14,440began a full retreat.72000:54:17,280 --> 00:54:19,520BELLS RING72100:54:19,520 --> 00:54:21,960In Britain,as the news came through,72200:54:21,960 --> 00:54:25,120Churchill orderedthe church bells to be rung.72300:54:25,120 --> 00:54:29,000It was the first time that thishad been allowed since Dunkirk.72400:54:32,720 --> 00:54:36,520On November 13th,Tobruk was retaken.72500:54:39,640 --> 00:54:42,960In mid January 1943, Tripoli fell.72600:54:46,280 --> 00:54:48,640Four months later, the Axis forces72700:54:48,640 --> 00:54:51,360had been overwhelmed in North Africa72800:54:51,360--> 00:54:54,600and more than a quarter ofa million prisoners taken.72900:54:56,080 --> 00:54:59,120Churchill senseda turning point in the war.73000:55:02,560 --> 00:55:05,000CHURCHILL: 'Ah, this is not the end.73100:55:05,000 --> 00:55:08,680'This is not even the beginningof the end.73200:55:08,680 --> 00:55:10,920'But it is, perhaps,73300:55:10,920 --> 00:55:12,360'the end of the beginning.'73400:55:15,320 --> 00:55:19,720Churchill added, "When any manis asked what he did in the war,73500:55:19,720 --> 00:55:24,520it will be sufficient for himto say, 'I foughtin the Desert Army.' "73600:55:24,520 --> 00:55:28,800Well, many in 5th Tanks took thatas a hint that, in future,73700:55:28,800 --> 00:55:30,400others would be called upon.73800:55:33,680 --> 00:55:35,400No such luck.73900:55:35,400 --> 00:55:38,560As the 5th shared theDesert Army's triumph, they were74000:55:38,560 --> 00:55:42,400greeted by the news that they werenow to be engaged in the fight74100:55:42,400 --> 00:55:45,640for Italy, piercingwhat Churchill called,74200:55:45,640 --> 00:55:47,880"Europe's soft underbelly."74300:55:50,120 --> 00:55:51,400GUN FIRES74400:55:51,400 --> 00:55:52,760After the desert,74500:55:52,760 --> 00:55:55,400the close-range fightingin southern Italy74600:55:55,400 --> 00:55:57,320came as a strain for everyone.74700:56:02,120 --> 00:56:03,600We thought we'd had enough.74800:56:03,600 --> 00:56:05,440Let somebody else have a go.74900:56:06,560 --> 00:56:09,880But, you see, they wantedseasoned troops75000:56:09,880 --> 00:56:12,200and there weren'tmany seasoned troops.75100:56:15,280 --> 00:56:18,560On 7th January 1944,75200:56:18,560 --> 00:56:20,960the 5th returned home at last.75300:56:20,960 --> 00:56:24,840They'd been away forthree years and 69 days.75400:56:26,280 --> 00:56:28,680Most couldn't wait to get home,75500:56:28,680 --> 00:56:31,920but leave, like much else,was being rationed.75600:56:33,560 --> 00:56:35,840Men who'd been fighting overseas75700:56:35,840 --> 00:56:37,960for more than three years were75800:56:37,960 --> 00:56:41,200then given barely two weeks' leave.75900:56:41,200 --> 00:56:44,680That felt like an insult, becausethey knew that soldiers who'd76000:56:44,680 --> 00:56:47,400been sitting back in Britainthroughout that period76100:56:47,400 --> 00:56:50,120got two weeks' leaveevery three months.76200:56:51,640 --> 00:56:55,880The 5th's new home wasa secret military camp in Norfolk,76300:56:55,880 --> 00:56:57,520known as Shakers Wood.76400:56:57,520 --> 00:57:00,560Damp, grotty, and bitterly cold,76500:57:00,560 --> 00:57:03,440many of the 5th's veterans felt76600:57:03,440 --> 00:57:07,480they'd been dumped by an ungratefulgovernment in the middle of nowhere.76700:57:09,720 --> 00:57:12,800But they'd been recalledfor a reason.76800:57:12,800 --> 00:57:16,360Experienced, trusted andbattle-hardened, they were part of76900:57:16,360--> 00:57:20,920the famous Desert Rats, too valuableto sit out the rest of the war.77000:57:22,280 --> 00:57:24,160The fighting far from over,77100:57:24,160 --> 00:57:28,400who better than the 5thto spearhead a second front?77200:57:31,880 --> 00:57:33,920That's the way it was.77300:57:33,920 --> 00:57:36,960If you've ever witnesseda green regiment...77400:57:38,240 --> 00:57:41,040..going in for the first time,77500:57:41,040 --> 00:57:46,360you would understand howcompletely unprepared they are.77600:57:46,360--> 00:57:48,360The experience of going into battle77700:57:48,360--> 00:57:52,400is absolutely necessaryto become competent.77800:57:55,040 --> 00:57:57,600And so, our heroeswould fight again,77900:57:57,600 --> 00:58:01,640in some of the biggest battlesof the Second World War.78000:58:06,240 --> 00:58:10,040Next episode, the 5thface D-Day...78100:58:11,280 --> 00:58:15,720..the battle for Normandy andthe eventual defeat of the Nazis.78200:58:24,480 --> 00:58:27,760Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd

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